Monkshood (Aconitum napellus)

Monkshood

Aconitum napellus

Its hooded blooms hold deadly elegance, a warning wrapped in deep purple. Perennial herbaceous flowering plant; common names: monkshood, wolfsbane.

Partial sun
2–3/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Prefers partial shade in hot climates and full sun in cooler temperate regions; avoid prolonged hot, dry direct sunlight
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Watering Keep soil consistently moist but well-drained; avoid waterlogging or allowing the soil to dry out completely
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Temperature Cold-hardy to -15°C; avoid temperatures above 28°C to prevent heat stress and reduced flowering
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Deeply lobed, palmate leaves with serrated margins; dark green, glossy texture
  • Flower: Spurred, hood-shaped blooms in dense racemes; typically deep purple, occasionally white or pink
  • Stem: Erect, hollow green stems with fine pubescence
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Care Guide

Watering

Maintain even soil moisture; apply mulch to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature

Fertilization

Diluted balanced liquid fertilizer every 2 weeks. Stop fertilizing after early autumn to support dormancy preparation

Banana peel compost tea:Use fully composted banana peels; dilute 1:20 with water for root drenching to avoid pest infestations and odor
Pruning
  • Deadhead spent flower racemes to extend the flowering period
  • Cut back all stems to ground level after the first frost to prepare for winter dormancy
  • Remove damaged or diseased foliage promptly to reduce fungal disease spread
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Highly toxic; ingestion may cause vomiting, irregular heartbeat, seizures, or respiratory failure

Humans: Contains aconitine, a potent neurotoxin; ingestion or skin contact can cause life-threatening cardiac and neurological damage

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Associated with European folklore as a protective herb and deadly poison; symbolizes caution and hidden danger

Usage: Ornamental garden plant with strict safety warnings; historically used as a hunting poison and traditional medicine (not recommended for modern use due to high toxicity)