East Indian Holly Fern (Arachniodes simplicior)

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Sunlight Bright indirect light or partial shade; avoid direct midday sun which can scorch delicate fronds

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Watering Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; avoid allowing the root ball to dry out completely

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Temperature Thrives in cool to temperate conditions; protect from frost and extreme heat above 28°C

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Frond: Glossy, dark green, pinnately compound with spiky, holly-like leaflets; arching, clumping growth habit
Rhizome: Short, creeping, covered in small brown scales
Sori: Round, brown spore clusters on the undersides of mature frond leaflets

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Watering

Keep soil evenly moist; mist fronds 1–2 times weekly to boost humidity

Fertilization

Diluted balanced liquid feed every 4 weeks. Cease fertilization in autumn and winter when growth slows

Composted banana peel tea：Steep fully composted banana peels in water for 24 hours; dilute 1:20 for root drench to support frond health and color

Pruning

Remove brown, damaged fronds at the base to maintain a tidy appearance and improve airflow
Thin overcrowded clumps in early spring to encourage new, vigorous growth
Trim yellowing fronds promptly to prevent the spread of fungal pathogens

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Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA-verified non-toxic; no adverse effects reported

Humans: No known toxic effects on humans

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Culture: N/A

Usage: Ornamental shade plant for indoor tabletops, hanging baskets, or outdoor shaded garden borders