Bottle Gourd (Lagenaria siceraria)

Bottle Gourd

Lagenaria siceraria

Its hard, bottle-shaped fruits blend utility and whimsy. Annual vining vegetable; common name: calabash gourd.

Full sun
2–3/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Requires full sun exposure for optimal growth and fruit production; avoid prolonged partial shade
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Watering Keep soil consistently moist during active growth; allow top 2 cm of soil to dry slightly between waterings to prevent root rot
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Temperature Thrives in warm, frost-free temperatures; cannot tolerate temperatures below 10°C
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Large, heart-shaped, rough-textured leaves with serrated margins
  • Flower: Fragrant white nocturnal blooms, up to 15 cm in diameter
  • Fruit: Variable bottle or club shape; hard, woody rind when mature
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Care Guide

Watering

Maintain even soil moisture; water deeply to reach root zone

Fertilization

Apply balanced, diluted fertilizer every 2 weeks. Use nitrogen-rich fertilizer early in growth, switch to phosphorus-rich feed during fruiting

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2 weeks, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench to support fruit development
Pruning
  • Trim yellowing or damaged vines to improve airflow and reduce disease risk
  • Pinch back growing tips to encourage lateral branching and increase fruit yield
  • Remove excess foliage to direct energy to developing fruits
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA confirmed non-toxic to cats

Humans: No known toxic effects from ingestion or contact

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Used for utensils, crafts, and ceremonial purposes in African, Asian, and Latin American cultures

Usage: Young fruits are edible as a vegetable; mature hard-shelled fruits used for containers, musical instruments, and decor