Red Buckeye (Aesculus pavia)

Red Buckeye

Aesculus pavia

Its scarlet blooms hum with hummingbird energy, a fiery beacon in spring. Deciduous flowering shrub; common name: Red Buckeye.

Partial sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Bright partial sun to full sun; prefers morning sun with afternoon shade in hot climates to prevent leaf scorching
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Watering Water deeply when the top 5–7 cm of soil dries out; avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot
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Temperature Hardy to USDA zones 4–8; tolerates mild frost, requires protection from extreme heat and prolonged drought
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Palmately compound leaves with 5–7 elliptical leaflets, glossy green above, paler undersides
  • Flower: Dense upright panicles of bright scarlet tubular flowers, 10–20 cm in height
  • Stem/Bark: Smooth gray bark on young plants, developing shallow fissures with maturity
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Care Guide

Watering

Keep soil consistently moist during flowering and active growth

Fertilization

Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once monthly. Avoid over-fertilizing to prevent excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench; avoid raw peels to prevent pest issues
Pruning
  • Remove spent flower panicles after blooming to encourage healthy new growth
  • Thin crowded branches in late winter to improve air circulation and light penetration
  • Prune damaged or diseased stems as needed; avoid heavy pruning to preserve the shrub's natural shape
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; ingestion leads to vomiting, diarrhea, muscle weakness, and tremors

Humans: Seeds contain aesculin glycoside; ingestion causes gastrointestinal distress and neurological symptoms

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Valued in southern US gardens for attracting hummingbirds and pollinators

Usage: Ornamental flowering shrub for borders, woodland gardens, and wildlife habitats