PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; prefers bright, direct sunlight for optimal flowering, with protection from intense midday sun in hot climates
Watering
Water thoroughly when the top 5cm of soil is dry; avoid waterlogging to prevent bulb rot
Temperature
Hardy to -10°C; requires cool, dry conditions during summer dormancy to support healthy bulb regrowth
Characteristics
- Leaf: Whorled, lance-shaped, glossy green leaves clustered below the flower head
- Flower: Bell-shaped, downward-facing blooms in shades of orange, yellow, or red; strong, musky scent
- Stem: Thick, upright green stem supporting a terminal cluster of flowers
Care Guide
Watering
Keep soil consistently moist during active growth; reduce watering as foliage begins to die back
Fertilization
Apply balanced bulb fertilizer at shoot emergence. Use a low-nitrogen fertilizer to promote bulb development rather than foliage growth
Eggshell powder topdress：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle 1 tbsp per bulb in early spring, avoiding direct contact with the bulb tissue to prevent irritationPruning
- Remove spent flower heads after blooming to redirect energy to bulb growth
- Cut back yellowing foliage once it has fully died back in late spring
- Thin overcrowded bulbs every 3–4 years in autumn to maintain plant vigor
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Toxic due to alkaloid content; may cause vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and lethargy
Humans: Ingestion causes mild gastrointestinal upset including nausea and vomiting
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes royalty and majesty in traditional European garden design
Usage: Ornamental garden plant; cut flower for formal floral arrangements
