PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Prefers dappled or full shade; avoid direct midday sun which can scorch leaves
Watering
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; avoid allowing the root zone to dry out completely
Temperature
Cold-hardy to -30°C; tolerates winter frost in USDA hardiness zones 3 to 7
Characteristics
- Leaf: Basal, elliptical glossy dark green leaves (2–4 per plant) with distinct parallel venation
- Flower: Upright stems bearing clusters of 3–10 small, star-shaped white flowers
- Fruit: Bright, round blue berries (1 cm diameter) ripening in late summer
Care Guide
Watering
Maintain even soil moisture; apply mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds
Fertilization
Apply diluted organic liquid feed once monthly. Use low-nitrogen, balanced organic feed to support foliage and berry development
Composted leaf mold tea：Steep fully composted leaf mold in water at a 1:20 ratio for 24 hours; strain before drenching roots to avoid introducing pests or odorsPruning
- Remove spent flower stems after blooming to redirect energy to foliage and rhizome growth
- Clear away dead or yellowing foliage in late autumn to reduce fungal disease risk
- Divide overcrowded clumps every 3–4 years in early spring to maintain plant health
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Limited data; ingestion of berries may cause mild vomiting or diarrhea
Humans: Mild gastrointestinal upset may occur if large quantities of blue berries are ingested
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: N/A
Usage: Ornamental woodland garden plant; berries provide forage for native birds
