Lily (Lilium)

Lily

Lilium

Trumpet-shaped blooms glow with soft elegance, a classic garden staple. Herbaceous perennial flowering plant; common name: lily.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal blooming, with afternoon shade recommended in hot, arid regions to prevent leaf scorch
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Watering Water deeply when the top 2–3 cm of soil is dry; avoid overwatering to prevent bulb rot, as bulbs are susceptible to fungal growth in waterlogged soil
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Temperature Hardy to -10°C with winter mulching; optimal growing temperature ranges from 15–25°C; avoid prolonged exposure to temperatures above 30°C
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Linear to lanceolate, alternate or whorled, glossy green, 5–15 cm long
  • Flower: Trumpet-shaped or bowl-shaped, 5–20 cm wide, in white, pink, yellow, orange, or red; fragrant in many cultivars
  • Stem: Upright, smooth, green, with bulbous underground storage structure
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Care Guide

Watering

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during active growth and blooming

Fertilization

Diluted balanced liquid fertilizer every 2 weeks. Use a fertilizer with equal nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios to support both foliage and flower development

Eggshell powder topdress:Crush dried eggshells into a fine powder; sprinkle 1–2 tbsp around the base of plants in early spring; avoid direct contact with stems to prevent rot
Pruning
  • Remove spent blooms promptly to prevent seed formation and redirect energy to bulb growth
  • Cut back stems to ground level after foliage yellows in late autumn to prepare for winter dormancy
  • Thin overcrowded bulbs every 3–4 years in early spring to improve air circulation and blooming performance
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Highly toxic; ingestion of any part (bulb, leaf, flower) can cause acute kidney failure, potentially fatal without prompt treatment

Humans: Ingestion of large amounts may cause mild gastrointestinal upset including nausea and diarrhea

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes purity, renewal, and devotion in Western cultures; often used in wedding bouquets and funeral arrangements

Usage: Ornamental garden plant, cut flower for floral displays, some fragrant cultivars used in perfumery