Hawkweed Oxtongue (Picris hieracioides)

Hawkweed Oxtongue

Picris hieracioides

Its dandelion-like blooms carry sunny charm across grasslands. Biennial or perennial herb; common name: hawkweed oxtongue.

Full sun
1–2/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; thrives in open grassland habitats and tolerates exposed, dry sites.
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Watering Water deeply when the top 2–3 cm of soil is dry; drought-tolerant once established with a mature taproot.
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Temperature Hardy to -15°C; withstands hot summer temperatures up to 30°C without significant stress.
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Basal rosette of lanceolate leaves with coarse toothed margins; upper stem leaves clasp the stem.
  • Flower: Bright yellow composite flower heads (2–3 cm diameter) resembling dandelions, borne on branching stalks.
  • Stem: Hairy, erect, green to reddish-brown, with sparse branching near the top.
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Care Guide

Watering

Water regularly during active growth to support bloom production; avoid waterlogging

Fertilization

Apply diluted compost tea once monthly. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which can promote excessive leaf growth over flowering.

Composted banana peel tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks to break down, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 with water, and apply as a root drench to support flower development.
Pruning
  • Deadhead spent flower heads to encourage extended blooming and prevent self-seeding if desired.
  • Cut back all stems to ground level after flowering to tidy growth and support new basal rosette formation.
  • Remove yellowing or damaged basal leaves to improve airflow and reduce disease risk.
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA does not list this plant as toxic to cats; no reported adverse effects.

Humans: No known toxic effects on humans; safe for occasional handling and consumption in small quantities.

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Pollinator-friendly wildflower for supporting bees and butterflies; occasionally used as forage for livestock in rural regions.