African Wormwood (Artemisia afra)

African Wormwood

Artemisia afra

It carries sharp herbal scent, a hardy medicinal herb with silvery foliage. Perennial aromatic shrub; common names: African wormwood, African mugwort.

Full sun
1–2/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; tolerates dry, sunny conditions and performs best in unobstructed sunlight
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Watering Allow soil to dry completely between waterings; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot in poorly drained media
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Temperature Hardy to light frost; prefers warm, dry conditions and requires protection from prolonged freezing temperatures
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Silvery-gray, finely divided, aromatic when crushed
  • Flower: Small, yellowish-white, clustered in terminal panicles
  • Stem: Woody at base, covered in fine silvery hairs
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Care Guide

Watering

Water when the top 5 cm of soil is fully dry; reduce watering during periods of heavy rainfall

Fertilization

Diluted low-nitrogen fertilizer application once every 2 months. Over-fertilization can lead to lush, weak growth that is more susceptible to pest infestations

Banana peel compost tea:Use fully composted banana peels, dilute at a 1:20 ratio with water for root drenching; avoid applying raw peels to prevent fruit fly infestations
Pruning
  • Prune back by 50% in early spring to encourage compact, bushy new growth
  • Remove dead, damaged, or diseased stems to improve airflow and reduce pest habitat
  • Trim spent flower heads after blooming to prevent unwanted self-seeding in managed gardens
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic due to thujone; may cause gastrointestinal upset and central nervous system depression

Humans: Contains thujone; large ingestion may cause nausea, dizziness, or stomach pain

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Used in traditional Southern African medicine to treat fever, digestive issues, and respiratory complaints

Usage: Medicinal herb, silvery ornamental foliage, natural insect repellent for garden borders