Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)

Water Lettuce

Pistia stratiotes

Floating rosettes drift like living lily pads, softening pond edges. Aquatic floating perennial; common name: water lettuce.

Full sun
N/A/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Thrives in bright full sun to partial shade; avoid intense midday direct sun in arid regions to prevent leaf scorching
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Watering Grows in still or slow-moving freshwater; maintain clean, nutrient-rich water free from heavy sediment buildup
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Temperature Requires warm tropical temperatures; will die if water temperatures drop below 10°C for extended periods
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Pale green, velvety spoon-shaped leaves form dense rosettes; fine hairs repel water to maintain buoyancy
  • Flower: Small, inconspicuous white spathes hidden within the inner leaf rosettes
  • Root: Long, feathery submerged roots that dangle below the rosette for nutrient uptake
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Care Guide

Watering

Maintain consistent water level; top up with dechlorinated water as needed

Fertilization

Add diluted aquatic plant fertilizer once monthly. Avoid over-fertilization to prevent excessive algae growth that can smother rosettes

Composted banana peel extract:Steep fully composted banana peels in dechlorinated water for 3 days; dilute 1:50 before adding to pond or aquarium to avoid nutrient spikes
Pruning
  • Remove yellowing or decaying leaves to maintain rosette health and prevent water fouling
  • Thin overcrowded rosettes to improve water circulation and reduce competition for nutrients
  • Trim tangled submerged roots if they block aquarium filters or impede water flow
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; ingestion causes oral pain, drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing

Humans: Contains calcium oxalate crystals; ingestion causes oral irritation and swelling; skin contact may trigger mild rash

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Aquatic ornamental for ponds and aquariums; natural water purifier that absorbs excess nutrients to reduce algae growth