Cabbage Rose (Rosa centifolia)

Cabbage Rose

Rosa centifolia

Ruffled blooms smell like old-world romance, a classic garden staple. Double-flowered deciduous shrub; common names: Cabbage Rose, Provence Rose.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun exposure for optimal flower production; tolerate light afternoon shade in hot summer climates
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Watering Water deeply when the top 5–7 cm of soil dries out; avoid overhead watering to reduce fungal disease risk
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Temperature Hardy to -15°C; provide partial shade if temperatures exceed 32°C to prevent petal scorch
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Dark green pinnate leaves with 5–7 serrated leaflets, slightly fuzzy texture
  • Flower: Large fully double pink blooms with tightly ruffled petals and a strong sweet fragrance
  • Stem: Woody stems with curved, sharp prickles for herbivore defense
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Care Guide

Watering

Water deeply 1–2 times weekly; increase frequency during prolonged heatwaves

Fertilization

Apply balanced granular fertilizer in early spring before new growth emerges. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can reduce flower production and increase disease risk

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks to break down nutrients; steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench to support flower development
Pruning
  • Prune dead, diseased, or crossing branches in late winter before new growth starts
  • Thin crowded stems to improve airflow and light penetration throughout the shrub
  • Deadhead spent blooms promptly to encourage occasional summer reblooming
  • Cut back overgrown stems by one-third to maintain a compact, rounded form
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic; thorn contact may cause mild physical injury

Humans: No systemic toxicity; thorn pricks may cause minor skin irritation or infection if not cleaned promptly

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes love, gratitude, and old-fashioned elegance; historically used in perfumery for its intense fragrance

Usage: Ornamental garden shrub; cut flowers for floral arrangements; source of rose oil for cosmetics and aromatherapy