Dwarf Willow (Salix retusa)

Dwarf Willow

Salix retusa

Tiny, cushion-like willow clinging to alpine rocks, a tough alpine gem. Low-growing evergreen shrub; common name: Retuse Willow.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Requires full sun for optimal growth; tolerates partial shade in warmer lowland cultivation settings.
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Watering Keep soil consistently moist but well-drained; avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot in cool temperatures.
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Temperature Hardy to subzero alpine temperatures; intolerant of prolonged high heat above 22°C, which may cause leaf scorch.
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Small, obovate to retuse leaves with silvery undersides, 5–15 mm long.
  • Flower: Dioecious catkins, male catkins yellow, female catkins greenish, 5–10 mm long.
  • Stem: Slender, prostrate stems rooting at nodes to form dense, low cushions.
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Care Guide

Watering

Keep soil evenly moist; water when the top 1 cm of soil feels dry

Fertilization

Diluted balanced liquid feed once every 6 weeks. Use low-nitrogen fertilizer to promote compact cushion formation rather than tall, leggy growth.

Eggshell powder topdressing:Crush fully dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle lightly on the soil surface to add calcium without risking root burn.
Pruning
  • Trim dead or damaged stems in early spring to maintain a tidy cushion shape.
  • Remove spent catkins after flowering to redirect energy to vegetative growth and cushion density.
  • Thin overcrowded stems occasionally to improve airflow and prevent fungal growth.
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic due to salicin; ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, lethargy, and increased thirst.

Humans: Contains salicin; large ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain; prolonged skin contact may cause mild irritation.

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Alpine rock garden ornamental; erosion control in cold mountain slope habitats