Small-leaved Linden (Tilia cordata)

Small-leaved Linden

Tilia cordata

A majestic deciduous tree celebrated for its heart-shaped leaves and fragrant, nectar-rich summer blooms. Other names: Basswood, Lime tree.

Prefers full sun to partial shade.
1/week
Easy
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Prefers full sun to partial shade.
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Watering Requires moderate watering, preferring evenly moist, well-drained soil.
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Temperature Highly cold-hardy, tolerating a wide range of temperate climates.
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Characteristics

  • Leaves: Alternate, obliquely cordate (heart-shaped), 3 - 8 cm long, finely serrate margins, dark green above, paler below with rusty tufts of hair in vein axils;
  • Flowers: Small, yellowish-white, highly fragrant, borne in drooping cymes of 5 - 11 flowers, attached to a distinctive pale green, ribbon-like leafy bract;
  • Bark: Smooth and grayish in youth, becoming fissured and ridged with age;
  • Fruit: Small, globose, nut-like drupe, 4 - 5 mm in diameter, attached to the leafy bract for wind dispersal.
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Care Guide

Watering

Water deeply once a week during active growth and dry spells

Fertilization

Apply a balanced, slow-release tree fertilizer at the drip line. Fertilize in early spring before new growth begins to support vigorous foliage and blooming.

Banana Peel Tea:Steep chopped banana peels in water for 24-48 hours. Dilute 1:1 with water and pour around the drip line of young trees to support root development and flowering. Avoid applying raw peels directly to prevent attracting pests.
Pruning
  • Prune in late winter or early spring during dormancy;
  • Remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches to maintain a strong central leader;
  • Elevate the canopy for street or walkway clearance if necessary;
  • Avoid heavy pruning, as the tree naturally forms a beautiful, symmetrical crown.
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: Non-toxic per ASPCA guidelines.

Humans: Non-toxic; flowers are commonly consumed as herbal tea.

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: In Germanic and Slavic cultures, the linden tree was considered sacred. It was traditionally planted in the center of villages as a gathering place for markets, festivals, and judicial proceedings (the "Gerichtslinde" or tree of justice).

Usage: The wood (basswood) is soft, easily worked, and highly prized for woodcarving and musical instruments. The flowers are used to make traditional linden tea (tilleul) and are a major source of premium honey.