PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; tolerates coastal salt winds and mild urban pollution
Watering
Water deeply during prolonged dry spells; drought-tolerant once established
Temperature
Hardy to -10°C; thrives in warm temperate and Mediterranean climates
Characteristics
- Leaf: Oval to obovate with serrated margins; dark green upper surface, pale gray-green underside
- Flower: Male catkins are long, pendulous, yellow-brown; female catkins are small, erect, cone-like structures
- Stem/Bark: Smooth gray-brown bark in youth, developing shallow fissures as the tree matures
Care Guide
Watering
Water deeply every 7–10 days during dry periods to maintain soil moisture
Fertilization
Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once in early spring. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive, weak foliage growth
Eggshell powder top-dress：Crush dried, rinsed eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle a thin layer around the tree base and water in lightly to release nutrientsPruning
- Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter before new growth emerges
- Thin crowded inner branches to improve airflow and light penetration
- Shape young trees to establish a strong central leader for structural stability
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic to cats
Humans: No known toxicity to humans
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: N/A
Usage: Windbreak, erosion control, ornamental shade tree, nitrogen-fixing soil improver
