Australian Pine (Casuarina equisetifolia)

Australian Pine

Casuarina equisetifolia

Its fine, needle-like foliage sways like coastal mist, a wind-tolerant evergreen tree; common name: Australian Pine, Horsetail She-oak.

Full sun
1–2/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Requires full sun exposure; tolerates coastal salt spray and strong winds
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Watering Drought-tolerant once established; water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root growth
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Temperature Hardy to mild frost; prefers warm coastal climates; avoid prolonged temperatures below 5°C
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Reduced to tiny, scale-like structures arranged in whorls around slender, jointed stems that mimic horsetail shoots
  • Flower: Monoecious; male flowers are small yellow catkins, female flowers are round red-brown cones
  • Stem: Slender, green, jointed stems that perform photosynthesis in place of true leaves
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Care Guide

Watering

Water deeply every 7–10 days during extended dry spells; reduce during rainy periods

Fertilization

Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer once at the start of the growing season. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive, weak stem growth

Eggshell powder topdressing:Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; mix into the top 2–3 cm of soil to boost calcium levels and improve soil drainage
Pruning
  • Remove dead or damaged branches in late winter to maintain structural integrity
  • Thin crowded inner branches to improve airflow and reduce pest risk
  • Trim lower branches to create a clear trunk for formal landscape use
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic to cats

Humans: No documented toxicity to humans

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Coastal windbreak, ornamental landscape tree, coastal erosion control