Dog's Tooth Violet (Erythronium dens-canis)

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Sunlight Dappled woodland shade; avoid direct midday sun to prevent leaf scorching

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Watering Keep soil evenly moist during active growth; reduce watering completely after foliage dies back in late spring

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Temperature Hardy to -15°C; requires 8–12 weeks of cold stratification for bulb germination

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Leaf: Pair of basal, elliptical leaves with mottled silver-green markings resembling trout skin
Flower: Nodding, six-petaled lily-like flower in pale pink, purple, or white; recurved petals
Bulb: Elongated, tooth-shaped underground storage structure

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Watering

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during active growth

Fertilization

Light application of organic compost at bulb emergence. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive foliage growth

Composted leaf mold tea：Dilute fully decomposed leaf mold 1:20 in water for root drench; avoid raw leaf material to prevent fungal growth

Pruning

Remove yellowing foliage only after it dies back naturally to allow bulb energy storage
Thin overcrowded bulb clumps every 3–4 years in autumn to improve flowering
Clear dead plant debris in late spring to reduce pest and disease habitat

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Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA-verified non-toxic to cats; no known toxic compounds

Humans: Non-toxic to humans; no reported adverse effects from ingestion or contact

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Culture: Symbolizes spring renewal in European woodland gardening traditions

Usage: Ornamental ground cover for shaded woodland gardens and rockeries