Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus)

Buttonwood

Conocarpus erectus

Its peeling bark adds textural warmth to coastal landscapes. Evergreen shrub or small tree; common name: buttonwood.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; highly tolerant of coastal salt spray and windy conditions
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Watering Drought-tolerant once established; water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root development
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Temperature Tolerates mild frost down to 10°C; thrives in warm subtropical to tropical temperature ranges
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Simple obovate to elliptical leaves; leathery texture, dark green upper surface, pale underside.
  • Flower: Tiny creamy-white to greenish flowers in dense spherical heads.
  • Stem/Bark: Peeling flaky bark in gray, tan, and brown layers for textured appearance.
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Care Guide

Watering

Water deeply every 7–10 days during prolonged dry spells

Fertilization

Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once at the start of growing season. Use low-nitrogen fertilizer to promote compact, sturdy growth rather than excessive foliage

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks, steep in water, dilute 1:20 for root drench to support foliage health and stress tolerance
Pruning
  • Remove dead or damaged branches in late winter to maintain plant health and shape
  • Thin overcrowded inner growth to improve airflow and light penetration
  • Trim back leggy stems in early spring to encourage bushier, more compact growth
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: Non-toxic to cats per ASPCA guidelines; no reported toxicity from ingestion

Humans: Non-toxic to humans; no known adverse health effects from ingestion or contact

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Coastal windbreak, ornamental landscape tree; wood historically used for charcoal and small boat construction