Cannonball Tree (Couroupita guianensis)

Cannonball Tree

Couroupita guianensis

Its cannonball fruits hang like ancient artillery, a tropical spectacle. Evergreen tropical tree; common name: cannonball tree.

Full sun
2–3/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial dappled shade; protect from harsh midday sun in extreme heat
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Watering Water deeply when the top 5 cm of soil dries out; avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot
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Temperature Thrives in warm tropical temperatures; cannot tolerate frost or temperatures below 10°C
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Large, oblong-elliptic, glossy green leaves clustered at branch tips
  • Flower: Fragrant, pink-red to white curved-petal flowers borne directly on trunk/branches via woody inflorescences
  • Fruit: Round, brown, cannonball-like fruits up to 25 cm in diameter
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Care Guide

Watering

Maintain consistent soil moisture; increase frequency during dry spells

Fertilization

Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once every 2 months. Avoid over-fertilizing, as excessive nutrients can reduce flower production

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench; avoid raw peels to prevent pest infestations
Pruning
  • Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches in early spring to improve airflow
  • Trim overgrown branches to maintain desired canopy shape and size
  • Clear fallen fruits and spent flower clusters to reduce pest and disease risk
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: No documented toxicity to cats

Humans: Ripe fruit pulp is edible; unripe fruit and seeds may cause mild gastrointestinal irritation if ingested

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes fertility and spiritual purity in some South American indigenous communities

Usage: Ornamental landscape tree; ripe fruit pulp is used in traditional medicine and as a food source