Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica)

Loquat

Eriobotrya japonica

Its glossy evergreen leaves cradle sweet golden fruits, a blend of ornamental and edible beauty. Evergreen fruit tree; common names: Japanese medlar, loquat.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; benefits from afternoon shade in arid, high-temperature regions to prevent leaf scorch
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Watering Water deeply when the top 5–7 cm of soil is dry; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot and fungal issues
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Temperature Hardy to -10°C; thrives in temperate to subtropical climates; protect young saplings from heavy frost damage
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Thick, leathery dark green leaves with serrated margins; underside covered in rust-colored fuzzy hairs
  • Flower: Clusters of small, fragrant white terminal panicle flowers
  • Fruit: Round to oblong golden-yellow edible drupes with sweet tangy flesh and large brown seeds
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Care Guide

Watering

Increase watering during fruit development to keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged

Fertilization

Feed with balanced slow-release fertilizer every 4 weeks during active growth. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization, which can promote leafy growth at the expense of fruit production

Eggshell powder topdressing:Grind dried eggshells into a fine powder, sprinkle 1–2 tbsp around the tree base, and gently work into the topsoil to avoid disturbing root systems
Pruning
  • Prune in late winter to remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches and improve air circulation
  • Thin crowded inner branches to increase light penetration for better fruit development
  • Trim back overgrown shoots to maintain desired tree shape and size
  • Remove suckers growing from the base to direct energy to the main tree and fruit production
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic due to cyanogenic glycosides in seeds; ingestion can lead to cyanide poisoning symptoms

Humans: Flesh is safe for consumption; seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides, which may cause mild gastrointestinal distress if ingested in large quantities

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes prosperity and good fortune in some East Asian cultural traditions

Usage: Edible fresh fruit, jams, or jellies; ornamental landscape tree for foliage and flower fragrance