American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)

American Sycamore

Platanus occidentalis

Broad, flaking bark creates patchwork art against the sky. Large deciduous shade tree; common names: American planetree, buttonball tree.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; tolerates urban pollution and compacted soil
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Watering Deep, infrequent watering; drought-tolerant once established
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Temperature Hardy to -30°C; adapts to temperate and continental climates
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Large, palmately lobed (3–5 lobes), bright green, turning yellow-brown in fall
  • Bark: Exfoliating, creating mottled patches of cream, tan, and brown
  • Fruit: Spherical button-like clusters, persisting into winter
  • Flower: Small, inconspicuous greenish-yellow flowers in dense clusters
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Care Guide

Watering

Deep water every 7–10 days during dry spells to encourage deep root growth

Fertilization

Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once to support new growth. Avoid fertilizing in late summer to prevent tender new growth from frost damage

Composted banana peel tea:Compost banana peels for 4–6 weeks until fully decomposed, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench; discard solid debris to avoid odor and pest issues
Pruning
  • Remove dead or damaged branches in late winter before new growth emerges
  • Thin crowded inner branches to improve airflow and reduce disease risk
  • Shape young trees to establish a strong central leader for structural stability
  • Remove suckers at the base to maintain a clean trunk form
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic to cats

Humans: No known toxic effects to humans

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes strength and resilience in urban landscapes due to its tolerance of pollution

Usage: Large shade tree for parks and streets; wood used for furniture, veneer, and paper production