PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; performs best in full sun for robust catkin production
Watering
Tolerates consistently moist to wet soil; avoid prolonged drought conditions
Temperature
Extremely cold-hardy; withstands temperatures as low as -40°C; prefers temperate to cool climates
Characteristics
- Leaf: Narrow, lanceolate to heart-shaped leaves with serrated margins; gray-green upper surface, silvery pubescent underside
- Flower: Dioecious catkins; male catkins are bright yellow, female catkins are pale green
- Stem/Bark: Slender, flexible branches with smooth grayish-brown bark that becomes furrowed with age
Care Guide
Watering
Keep soil consistently moist; increase watering during dry spells
Fertilization
Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once at bud break. Use low-nitrogen fertilizer to promote healthy root and catkin development
Eggshell powder top dressing：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle 1 tbsp around the base of the plant; water thoroughly to release calcium into the soilPruning
- Prune dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter to early spring before bud break
- Thin crowded branches to improve airflow and light penetration for healthy growth
- Shape multi-stemmed shrub forms as needed; avoid heavy pruning of mature trees to preserve natural form
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Toxic due to salicin; ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and lethargy
Humans: Ingestion of large amounts may cause stomach upset; salicin content may trigger aspirin-like allergic reactions in sensitive individuals
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes flexibility and resilience in North American Indigenous folklore
Usage: Riparian erosion control, ornamental landscaping, and wildlife habitat for pollinators
