PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; performs best in open, sunny meadow conditions
Watering
Water deeply when the top 2–3 cm of soil is dry; drought-tolerant once established
Temperature
Thrives in 15–25°C; tolerates light spring frost down to 5°C
Characteristics
- Leaf: Basal rosette of lobed, spiny-margined leaves; stem leaves clasp the stem at the base
- Flower: Bright yellow composite flower heads (1–2 cm diameter) clustered at upper stem tips
- Stem: Erect, branched, slightly hairy, with milky, bitter-tasting sap
Care Guide
Watering
Water occasionally during prolonged dry spells; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot
Fertilization
Optional diluted organic feed once monthly if soil is very poor. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive leaf growth at the expense of blooms
Eggshell powder top-dress：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle lightly on the soil surface to boost calcium levels without burning shallow rootsPruning
- Deadhead spent flower heads to extend the flowering period by 2–3 weeks
- Remove yellowing basal leaves to improve airflow and reduce pest habitat
- Cut back the entire plant to ground level after seed set to control self-seeding if desired
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic to cats
Humans: Non-toxic; young leaves are edible when cooked to reduce bitterness
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: N/A
Usage: Edible young leaves (cooked to reduce bitterness); wildflower ornamental for pollinator gardens
