PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; highly tolerant of urban pollution and reflected heat
Watering
Deep water occasionally during dry spells; drought-tolerant once established
Temperature
Hardy to -10°C; withstands hot, dry Mediterranean summers without significant stress
Characteristics
- Leaf: Ovate to lanceolate, serrated margins, rough upper surface, downy grey-green undersides
- Flower: Small, greenish-yellow, inconspicuous axillary clusters
- Fruit: Small, dark purple/black drupes ripening in late autumn
- Bark: Smooth grey-brown when young, developing shallow fissures with age
Care Guide
Watering
Deep water every 7–10 days during prolonged dry periods; avoid overwatering
Fertilization
Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once at bud break. Avoid over-fertilizing to prevent excessive soft growth
Eggshell powder topdress：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle 1–2 tbsp around the tree base; avoid direct contact with stems to prevent fungal growthPruning
- Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter before new growth emerges
- Thin dense canopy to improve airflow and light penetration
- Shape young trees to establish a strong central leader for structural stability
- Remove basal suckers regularly to maintain a clean trunk form
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic to cats
Humans: Non-toxic to humans; berries are edible when fully ripe
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: N/A
Usage: Ornamental shade tree; berries provide food for birds; wood used for small crafts and tool handles
