Pencil Cactus (Euphorbia tirucalli)

Pencil Cactus

Euphorbia tirucalli

Its pencil-thick stems hold desert resilience like green kindling. Succulent shrub; common names: Pencil Cactus, Milk Bush.

Full sun
1–2/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial sun; tolerate bright indirect light for indoor cultivation; avoid prolonged shade
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Watering Allow soil to dry completely between waterings; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot
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Temperature Thrives in warm, arid conditions; protect from temperatures below 10°C to avoid frost damage
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Tiny, ephemeral leaves that drop quickly; green stems perform primary photosynthesis
  • Stem: Slender, cylindrical, pencil-like green segments; exudes milky white latex sap when damaged
  • Inflorescence: Small, yellowish cyathia (false flowers) at stem tips; rarely blooms indoors
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Care Guide

Watering

Water when top 5 cm of soil is fully dry; reduce watering in high humidity

Fertilization

Diluted succulent fertilizer once monthly. Discontinue fertilization in autumn and winter when growth slows

Banana peel tea:Soak dried banana peels in water for 3 days; dilute 1:20 with water before applying to soil; avoid direct contact with stems
Pruning
  • Wear gloves to avoid sap contact; trim overgrown stems to maintain desired shape
  • Remove dead or damaged stems to improve airflow and prevent pest infestations
  • Repot and trim overcrowded roots in early spring; handle plants carefully to avoid breaking stems
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; sap irritates mouth and gastrointestinal tract, causing vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive drooling

Humans: Milky sap causes skin and eye irritation; ingestion leads to nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: Ornamental succulent for outdoor landscapes and indoor containers; traditional medicinal uses in some regions (limited scientific validation)