PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; provide mild afternoon shade in hot climates to prevent premature bolting
Watering
Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; avoid drying out the root zone to maintain leaf crispness
Temperature
Optimal growth at 15–20°C; avoid temperatures above 27°C to prevent bolting and bitter-tasting leaves
Characteristics
- Leaf: Elongated, crisp dark green leaves arranged in tight upright heads; thick, juicy midrib runs along leaf length
- Flower: Small yellow composite blooms on tall branching stems; self-pollinating
- Stem: Thick, succulent central stem supporting the dense leaf rosette
Care Guide
Watering
Water early morning to reduce fungal growth; keep soil evenly moist
Fertilization
Diluted balanced organic feed every 2 weeks. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive leaf growth at the expense of head formation
Eggshell powder topdress：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle lightly on soil surface and water in to slowly release calciumPruning
- Harvest outer leaves individually to encourage continuous new growth
- Remove bolting stems promptly to redirect energy to leaf production
- Thin overcrowded seedlings to 15–20 cm spacing for optimal head development
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Non-toxic; safe for cats in small, non-seasoned portions
Humans: Edible and non-toxic; safe for human consumption as fresh produce
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes freshness and healthy eating in Western culinary traditions
Usage: Edible leafy green for salads, wraps, grilled dishes, and smoothies
