Annual Sweet Pea (Lathyrus annuus)

Annual Sweet Pea

Lathyrus annuus

Delicate ruffled blooms carry a classic, heady fragrance. Annual flowering vine; common name: annual sweet pea.

Full sun
2–3/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Requires 6–8 hours of direct sunlight daily for abundant blooming; tolerate partial shade in hot climates
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Watering Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; avoid allowing the root ball to dry out completely during flowering
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Temperature Thrives in cool temperate conditions; avoid temperatures above 27°C as blooming will cease
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Paired oval leaflets with coiled tendrils for climbing; bright green, smooth texture
  • Flower: Clustered racemes of ruffled pea-like blooms in pink, purple, white, or bicolor shades
  • Stem: Slender, herbaceous climbing stems with fine, soft hairs
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Care Guide

Watering

Water deeply 2–3 times weekly; apply mulch to retain soil moisture

Fertilization

Feed with balanced liquid fertilizer every 2 weeks. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers to prevent excessive foliage growth over blooms

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2 weeks, steep in water for 24 hours, and dilute 1:20 for root drenching to promote vibrant flowering
Pruning
  • Deadhead spent blooms regularly to encourage continuous flowering throughout the season
  • Trim leggy stems to promote bushier growth and more flower clusters
  • Remove yellowing or damaged foliage to improve air circulation and reduce disease risk
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic if seeds are ingested; may cause gastrointestinal distress and neurological signs

Humans: Only seeds contain toxic beta-ODAP; ingestion of large quantities may cause neurological symptoms or mild gastrointestinal upset

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes blissful pleasure and farewell in Victorian floriography

Usage: Ornamental climbing vine for gardens; popular cut flower for fragrant bouquets