PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; full sun promotes optimal canopy development and acorn production
Watering
Young trees require deep, infrequent watering; established trees are drought-tolerant with minimal supplemental water needed
Temperature
Hardy to USDA zone 8a; tolerates mild winter frosts and summer heat stress
Characteristics
- Leaf: Oblong to elliptical, glossy green above, pale pubescent below, 7–12 cm long with shallow, rounded lobes
- Flower: Male catkins are yellow-green, pendulous clusters; female flowers are small, reddish axillary spikes
- Bark: Light gray, developing furrowed, scaly ridges as the tree matures
Care Guide
Watering
Young trees: water deeply every 5–7 days; established trees: only water during extended droughts
Fertilization
Apply slow-release balanced fertilizer once at bud break. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers that can promote weak, susceptible growth
Eggshell powder topdress：Crush dried eggshells into fine powder; sprinkle 1–2 tbsp around the tree's drip line; water thoroughly to release calcium into the soilPruning
- Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges
- Thin overcrowded canopy branches to improve airflow and light penetration
- Avoid heavy pruning; maintain the tree's natural rounded form to support structural integrity
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; tannins in acorns and leaves may cause gastrointestinal irritation
Humans: Ingestion of large quantities of acorns or leaves may cause mild gastrointestinal upset due to tannin content
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes strength, longevity, and southern woodland heritage in the southeastern United States
Usage: Shade tree for public parks and large residential yards; acorns provide food for wildlife including deer and squirrels
