PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; tolerates cold, windy mountain conditions and frost
Watering
Drought-tolerant once established; water deeply during prolonged dry spells, avoid overwatering to prevent root rot
Temperature
Extremely cold-hardy; withstands temperatures as low as -30°C, thrives in cool to temperate climates
Characteristics
- Leaf: Oblong to obovate, 8–20 cm long, with deep lobes and toothed margins; dark green above, pale grayish-green beneath
- Flower: Male catkins are yellow-green, pendulous; female flowers are small, reddish, axillary
- Bark: Thick, deeply furrowed, gray-brown with rough texture
Care Guide
Watering
Water deeply every 7–10 days during extended dry periods
Fertilization
Apply a 5 cm layer of composted organic matter around the drip line in early spring. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which can promote weak, disease-prone growth
Composted leaf mold：Apply a 5 cm layer around the drip line in early spring; avoid direct contact with the trunk to prevent bark rotPruning
- Remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches in late winter to early spring before new growth emerges
- Thin crowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration through the canopy
- Avoid heavy pruning, as oak trees heal slowly and are vulnerable to oak wilt fungus
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Quercus species contain tannins, which are toxic to cats and may cause gastrointestinal and kidney issues
Humans: Contains tannins; ingestion of large quantities of acorns or leaves may cause mild gastrointestinal upset
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes strength and longevity in Caucasian folklore
Usage: Timber production, ornamental shade tree, erosion control on mountain slopes
