PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; tolerates urban pollution and compacted soil conditions
Watering
Water deeply during prolonged dry spells; drought-tolerant once established with a mature taproot
Temperature
Hardy to USDA zones 5–8; tolerates cold winters and hot, humid summers
Characteristics
- Leaf: Oblong, glossy green leaves without lobes; overlapping arrangement on stems
- Flower: Male catkins are yellow-green, pendulous; female flowers are small, reddish spikes
- Bark: Mature bark is gray-brown, furrowed with flat, scaly ridges
Care Guide
Watering
Water deeply every 7–10 days during extended dry periods
Fertilization
Apply balanced slow-release fertilizer once in early spring. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers that may promote weak, susceptible new growth
Composted leaf mold：Apply as a 5 cm top dressing in early spring; gently mix into the top layer of soil to improve drainage and nutrient availability without introducing pests or odorsPruning
- Remove dead, damaged, or diseased branches in late winter before new growth emerges
- Thin crowded inner branches to improve airflow and light penetration through the canopy
- Avoid heavy pruning; maintain the tree's natural rounded shape to support structural integrity
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; tannins may cause vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and abdominal pain
Humans: Ingestion of large amounts of acorns or leaves may cause gastrointestinal irritation due to tannins
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes strength, longevity, and resilience in North American residential landscaping
Usage: Large shade tree; historical use of wood for roofing shingles and general construction
