Poison Sumac (Toxicodendron vernix)

Poison Sumac

Toxicodendron vernix

Its waxy leaves hide potent urushiol, a silent irritant waiting to trigger rash. Deciduous shrub; common name: poison sumac.

Partial sun
3–5/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Prefers partial shade to full sun; thrives in open wetland habitats with consistent moisture
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Watering Requires consistently moist soil; tolerates short periods of standing water
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Temperature Cold-hardy to frigid winter temperatures; requires sufficient moisture to avoid stress during extreme summer heat
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Compound leaves with 7–13 oblong, waxy bright green leaflets that turn vivid red/orange in fall
  • Flower: Small, greenish-yellow clustered blooms in upper leaf axils
  • Stem: Smooth, grayish-brown bark with no thorns
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Care Guide

Watering

Maintain constantly moist soil; supplement water during extended dry spells

Fertilization

No regular fertilization required. Natural wetland nutrients typically meet growth needs

Composted pine needle tea:Steep fully composted pine needles in water for 3 days; dilute 1:20 for root drench to maintain soil acidity without introducing excess nitrogen
Pruning
  • Remove dead, damaged branches in late winter to improve airflow and reduce disease risk
  • Wear heavy protective gloves and long clothing to avoid urushiol contact during pruning
  • Avoid pruning during active growth to minimize urushiol spread via fresh cuts
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; contact or ingestion causes skin irritation, vomiting, and diarrhea

Humans: Contains urushiol resin; contact causes severe allergic contact dermatitis in most people

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: N/A

Usage: N/A