Common Zinnia (Zinnia elegans)

Common Zinnia

Zinnia elegans

Bright daisy-like blooms paint gardens in vivid hues, a cheerful summer staple. Annual flowering plant; common names: youth-and-old-age, common zinnia.

Full sun
1–2/week
Beginner
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun exposure required for abundant blooming; tolerate partial sun but produce fewer flowers
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Watering Water deeply when top 2–3 cm of soil is dry; avoid overhead watering to prevent fungal issues
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Temperature Thrives in warm temperatures; sensitive to frost, so plant after last spring frost
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Opposite, lanceolate to ovate, rough-textured, medium green with entire margins
  • Flower: Daisy-like composite heads in shades of red, pink, yellow, orange, white, or purple; double or single petals
  • Stem: Erect, hairy, branching near the top to support multiple flower heads
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Care Guide

Watering

Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged; increase frequency during heatwaves

Fertilization

Apply balanced diluted fertilizer at planting. Avoid over-fertilization, which can promote leaf growth over flowering

Banana peel compost tea:Compost banana peels for 2–3 weeks, steep in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20 for root drench; avoid raw peels to prevent pest infestations
Pruning
  • Deadhead spent blooms regularly to encourage continuous flowering throughout the growing season
  • Pinch back young seedlings when they reach 10 cm tall to promote bushier growth and more flower stems
  • Remove yellowing or diseased leaves to improve airflow and reduce disease risk
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA confirmed non-toxic to cats; no harmful effects from ingestion

Humans: Non-toxic to humans; no documented adverse health effects from ingestion or contact

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Symbolizes endurance, friendship, and remembrance in floral traditions

Usage: Cut flower arrangements, garden borders, pollinator gardens to attract butterflies and bees