Candlenut Tree (Aleurites moluccanus)

Candlenut Tree

Aleurites moluccanus

Its nuts burn like slow candles, a tropical heritage with broad, glossy foliage. Evergreen broadleaf tree; common name: candlenut tree.

Full sun
1–2/week
Moderate
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Plant Needs

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Sunlight Full sun to partial shade; requires direct sunlight for optimal fruiting; tolerates brief shade in intense midday heat
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Watering Water deeply when the top 5–10 cm of soil dries out; avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot
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Temperature Thrives in warm tropical and subtropical climates; cannot tolerate frost or temperatures below 10°C
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Characteristics

  • Leaf: Alternate, ovate to palmate, glossy dark green, 10–30 cm wide with pointed tips
  • Flower: Small, creamy-white, clustered in terminal panicles; unisexual or bisexual blooms
  • Fruit: Round, green turning brown at maturity, containing 2 large, oily seeds (candlenuts)
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Care Guide

Watering

Keep soil consistently moist during active growth and flowering

Fertilization

Apply balanced organic fertilizer once monthly to support growth and flowering. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which may reduce fruiting

Composted banana peel tea:Steep fully composted banana peels in water for 24 hours, dilute 1:20, and apply as a root drench to support fruiting
Pruning
  • Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches in late winter to improve canopy airflow
  • Thin overcrowded branches to allow sunlight penetration for inner foliage and fruiting
  • Trim suckers at the base to maintain tree form and direct energy to main canopy growth
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Toxicity

Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; ingestion of leaves, nuts, or seeds may cause vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain

Humans: Raw nuts contain irritant toxins; roasted nuts are safe in small quantities; ingestion of raw nuts may cause gastrointestinal distress

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Garden Uses & Culture

Culture: Used in traditional Polynesian medicine and as a source of candle fuel; symbolizes sustenance and cultural heritage in Pacific Island communities

Usage: Roasted nuts are edible; oil extracted from nuts is used for cooking, soap making, and candle production; grown as an ornamental shade tree