PlantFun
Plant Needs
Sunlight
Full sun to partial shade; tolerates coastal salt spray and brief periods of drought once established
Watering
Water deeply when the top 5 cm of soil is dry; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot
Temperature
Hardy to USDA zone 7; tolerates mild frost and summer heat, with optimal growth between 15–28°C
Characteristics
- Leaf: Small, oval to oblong, glossy dark green leaves with smooth margins, 1–3 cm long
- Flower: Fragrant small white four-petaled blooms, clustered in leaf axils
- Fruit: Bright red spherical drupes, 6–8 mm diameter, persisting into winter
Care Guide
Watering
Keep soil evenly moist during active growth periods
Fertilization
Diluted acidic fertilizer applied once monthly. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers that reduce berry production
Composted coffee grounds tea：Use fully composted coffee grounds diluted 1:25 with water for root drench to maintain acidic soil pH; avoid raw grounds to prevent mold growthPruning
- Trim to desired shape in late winter before new spring growth emerges
- Remove dead, damaged, or overcrowded branches to improve airflow and light penetration
- Thin stems to promote better berry production in the following season
Toxicity
Warning: this plant may be toxic.
Pets & Humans
Pets: ASPCA: Toxic; contains saponins and methylxanthines that irritate the digestive tract
Humans: Ingestion of leaves or berries may cause mild gastrointestinal upset including nausea and diarrhea
Garden Uses & Culture
Culture: Symbolizes winter cheer and protection; red berries are commonly used in holiday floral arrangements
Usage: Hedge plant, coastal landscaping, and wildlife food source for birds that feed on winter berries
