New South Wales Waratah (Telopea speciosissima)

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Sunlight Requires full morning sun for optimal blooming; tolerate partial shade in hot afternoon conditions

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Watering Water deeply when the top 5–10 cm of soil dries out; avoid waterlogging to prevent root rot

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Temperature Tolerates light frost (-5°C) and warm summer temperatures; performs best in temperate climates

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Leaf: Dark green, leathery, oblong to lanceolate with serrated margins
Flower: Large terminal crimson inflorescence with prominent bracts surrounding tiny individual florets
Stem: Woody, upright, with dense foliage concentrated near the upper canopy

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Watering

Maintain consistent soil moisture during blooming and active growth

Fertilization

Apply slow-release low-phosphorus fertilizer once at bud break. Avoid high-phosphorus fertilizers, as proteaceous plants are phosphorus-sensitive

Composted leaf mulch：Apply a 5 cm layer around the plant base in early spring; keep mulch 10 cm away from stems to prevent rot

Pruning

Deadhead faded blooms after flowering to promote new growth and prevent seed formation
Thin overcrowded inner branches in late winter to improve airflow and light penetration
Remove dead, damaged, or diseased wood annually to maintain plant health and structure

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Warning: this plant may be toxic.

Pets & Humans

Pets: ASPCA: No documented toxicity to cats

Humans: No documented toxicity to humans

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Culture: National floral emblem of New South Wales; symbolizes Australian bush resilience and beauty

Usage: Ornamental garden plant; premium cut flower for floral arrangements